基于机器学习的室内定位引起了学院和行业的越来越多的关注,因为可以从参考数据中提取有意义的信息。许多研究人员正在使用受监督,半监督和无监督的机器学习模型来减少定位错误并为最终用户提供可靠的解决方案。在本文中,我们通过结合卷积神经网络(CNN),长期记忆(LSTM)和生成对抗网络(GAN)来提出一种新的体系结构,以增加训练数据并提高位置准确性。在17个公共数据集中对受监督和无监督模型的建议组合进行了测试,从而对其性能进行了广泛的分析。结果,超过70%的定位误差已减少。
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协作推断已获得机器学习的重大研究兴趣,作为分发计算负载,减少延迟以及解决通信中隐私保护的工具。最近的协作推理框架采用了动态推理方法,例如早期外观和神经网络的运行时间分配。但是,随着机器学习框架的扩展,例如在监视应用中,需要考虑与设备故障相关的容错。本文介绍了基于正式定义的计算模型建立的Edge-Prune分布式计算框架,该框架为错误的耐受性协作推断提供了灵活的基础架构。这项工作的实验部分显示了通过协作推理可节省的推理时间的结果,呈现容错的系统拓扑,并在执行时间开销方面分析其成本。
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Various methods using machine and deep learning have been proposed to tackle different tasks in predictive process monitoring, forecasting for an ongoing case e.g. the most likely next event or suffix, its remaining time, or an outcome-related variable. Recurrent neural networks (RNNs), and more specifically long short-term memory nets (LSTMs), stand out in terms of popularity. In this work, we investigate the capabilities of such an LSTM to actually learn the underlying process model structure of an event log. We introduce an evaluation framework that combines variant-based resampling and custom metrics for fitness, precision and generalization. We evaluate 4 hypotheses concerning the learning capabilities of LSTMs, the effect of overfitting countermeasures, the level of incompleteness in the training set and the level of parallelism in the underlying process model. We confirm that LSTMs can struggle to learn process model structure, even with simplistic process data and in a very lenient setup. Taking the correct anti-overfitting measures can alleviate the problem. However, these measures did not present themselves to be optimal when selecting hyperparameters purely on predicting accuracy. We also found that decreasing the amount of information seen by the LSTM during training, causes a sharp drop in generalization and precision scores. In our experiments, we could not identify a relationship between the extent of parallelism in the model and the generalization capability, but they do indicate that the process' complexity might have impact.
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With the goal of increasing the speed and efficiency in robotic dual-arm manipulation, a novel control approach is presented that utilizes intentional simultaneous impacts to rapidly grasp objects. This approach uses the time-invariant reference spreading framework, in which partly-overlapping ante- and post-impact reference vector fields are used. These vector fields are coupled via the impact dynamics in proximity of the expected impact area, minimizing the otherwise large velocity errors after the impact and the corresponding large control efforts. A purely spatial task is introduced to strongly encourage the synchronization of impact times of the two arms. An interim-impact control phase provides robustness in the execution against the inevitable lack of exact impact simultaneity and the corresponding unreliable velocity error. In this interim phase, a position feedback signal is derived from the ante-impact velocity reference, which is used to enforce sustained contact in all contact points without using velocity error feedback. With an eye towards real-life implementation, the approach is formulated using a QP control framework, and is validated using numerical simulations on a realistic robot model with flexible joints and low-level torque control.
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可靠的剩余时间预测正在进行的业务流程是一个高度相关的主题。一个例子是订单交付,这是一个关键的竞争因素,例如零售是因为它是客户满意度的主要驱动力。为了及时实现及时的交付,对交付过程剩余时间的准确预测至关重要。在过程挖掘领域内,已经提出了各种各样的剩余时间预测技术。在这项工作中,我们基于随机培养皿网的剩余时间预测,该预测通常分布在k-nearthiend邻居中。 k-nearest邻居算法是在存储过去的时间以完成先前活动的时间的简单矢量上执行的。通过仅采用一部分实例,获得了更具代表性和稳定的随机培养皿网,从而导致更准确的时间预测。我们讨论了该技术及其在Python中的基本实现,并使用不同的现实世界数据集来评估我们扩展的预测能力。这些实验在结合有关预测能力方面的两种技术方面都具有明显的优势。
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为了实现机器人操作中影响的剥削,提出了一个新框架,以控制机器人操纵器,该机器人操纵器的任务是名义上同时执行的影响。在此框架中,我们采用了对应于前后运动和影响后运动的时间不变的参考矢量场的跟踪,从而在相似的常规跟踪控制方法上增加了其适用性。前后的引用和后影响引用是通过刚性冲击图耦合的,并扩展到预期发生冲击的区域重叠,以便始终遵循与机器人实际接触状态相对应的参考。由于通常会发生在不同接触点处的一系列冲击,从而导致接触模式和不可靠的速度测量值的不确定性,因此制定了针对时间不变参考的新的临时控制模式。在此模式下,位置反馈信号来自静电速度参考,该参考用于在所有接触点中强制执行持续的接触,而无需使用速度反馈。为了注重实际实现,该方法是使用QP控制框架制定的,并使用具有硬弹性接触模型的刚性机器人和具有柔性关节和合规性弹性触点模型的逼真的机器人模型上的数值模拟进行了验证。
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旨在进一步实现对机器人操纵中的影响的影响,提出了一种控制框架,其直接解决了通过跟踪机器人操纵器的控制所构成的挑战,该机器人操纵器的控制被任务执行与多个接触点相关联的名义上同时冲击。为此,我们扩展了参考展示框架,该框架利用刚性冲击图采用刚性冲击地图的扩展前和冲击后参考,在非弹性同时撞击的假设下确定。在实践中,机器人不会在冲击力矩的参考上居住;结果通常会发生不同接触点处的一系列冲击。我们的新方法通过引入额外的中间控制模式,在此上下文中扩展了参考传播。在该模式中,扭矩命令仍然基于达到撞击参考,目的是达到目标接触状态,但是禁用速度反馈,因为这可能由于快速的速度而可能是有害的。随着真实的实现,该方法是使用QP控制框架制定的,并在刚性机器人模型和具有柔性接头的现实机器人模型上使用数值模拟进行验证。
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